The difference between high-frequency transformers and low-frequency transformers

A high-frequency transformer refers to a transformer that operates at high frequencies and plays a role in energy conversion. Due to the high frequency of the magnetic field, eddy currents are generated in the silicon steel sheet (the conversion speed of small magnets in the silicon steel sheet cannot keep up). Therefore, high-frequency transformers generally use "high-frequency ferrite" as the magnetic core. The difference between high-frequency transformers and low-frequency transformers lies in the difference in operating frequency, which leads to some differences in material selection. The working principle of low-frequency transformers and high-frequency transformers is the same. Regardless of the operating frequency, energy is transmitted through electromagnetic induction.



Due to the difference in frequency between high and low frequencies, high frequencies can only be used in circuits with high frequencies and excitation source frequencies that match transformer frequencies, while low frequencies are the opposite and cannot be mixed, even if high frequencies are not matched, they generally cannot be used.

If a transformer transmits a certain amount of energy, operates at a high frequency, and transmits energy multiple times within a certain period of time, the amount of energy transmitted each time can be reduced. Therefore, the transformer uses fewer materials and has a smaller structural size. Therefore, for general high-frequency transformers, the number of coil turns is relatively small, and the size can be very small. For low-frequency transformers, the number of coil turns is relatively large.

At the same power, for two types of transformers, the high-frequency transformer will be much smaller than the low-frequency transformer. In this case, the high-frequency transformer will only be about one tenth of the low-frequency transformer. This is because it is necessary to protect the low-frequency transformer, reduce the u value, and make it with silicon steel sheets, but the efficiency deteriorates, so a large volume of heat dissipation needs to be done.

Nowadays, many electronic enthusiasts choose a ring-shaped transformer for audio amplifiers, which is determined by the characteristics of audio amplifiers.

Unlike other devices, the power consumption of audio amplifiers not only changes quickly, but also varies greatly. This requires transformers to have strong instantaneous overload capacity and fast response speed, otherwise it is easy to form noise, incomplete sound, poor sound quality, etc. The ring transformer has a large capacity and almost zero delay response in the same volume, which can meet the characteristics of audio power supply.



The advantages of using ring transformers in audio amplifiers:

1. High electrical efficiency, no air gap in the iron core, and high stacking coefficient.

2. Small in size and light in weight, circular transformers can reduce their weight by half compared to stacked transformers.

3. The magnetic interference is small, and there is no air gap in the iron core of the circular transformer. The winding is evenly wound on the iron core of the ring, which leads to small magnetic leakage and electromagnetic radiation.

4. The vibration noise is relatively small, and there is no air gap in the iron core to reduce the noise caused by the induced vibration of the iron core. The winding evenly and tightly wraps around the circular iron core, effectively reducing the "buzzing" sound caused by magnetostriction.

5. The operating temperature is low due to iron loss, which is very small. The temperature rise of the iron core is low, and the winding has good heat dissipation on the lower temperature iron core, so the temperature rise of the transformer is low.

6. Easy to install, the circular transformer only has one mounting screw in the center, making it particularly easy for quick installation and disassembly in electronic devices.